The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. The heart is composed of heart muscles. Now let us discuss the structure and basic facts about the heart in this article.
- The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
- The heart is a cone shaped hallow muscular organ.
- The heart wall composed of three layers.
- They are Pericardium, Myocardium and Endocardium
- The outer layer of the heart is the Pericardium.
- The Pericardium composed of two sacks named, outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium.
- The Myocardium is the middle layer of the heart wall.
- The Myocardium is composed of specialized cardiac muscle that available only in the heart.
- Cardiac muscle cells are found in the myocardium.
- Endocardium is the inner layer of the heart.
- Smooth epithelial cells are found in the Endocardium.
- There are four chambers in the heart.
- Those chambers are,
- Right Atrium
- Left Atrium
- Left Ventricle
- Right ventricle
- The heart is divided into left and right by a septum.
- Atriums and ventricles are divided by atrio-ventricular valves.
- The main blood vessels going out of the heart are,
- Aorta
- Left pulmonary artery.
- Right pulmonary artery
- The main blood vessels coming into the heart are,
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- The heart supplies blood to itself by coronary arteries.